On July 29, 1991 a unique treaty was signed between Russia and Lithuania. It was the only treaty between Russia that acknowledged the occupation and annexation of one of the parties by the other, and was signed and negotiated at a time when the Soviet Union still existed. Two weeks after the signing of the treaty a coup took place in Moscow attempting to reinstate the pre-perestroika situation.
Though the treaty can be viewed as a solid example of good governance and good neighborly relations, in the course of time the reality on the ground has become quite different. The relationship between the two countries is complex and often tense, and much affected by Russia’s desire to dominate, in particular with regard to its neighbors, it’s revisionist policy and divisivememory policy.
The representatives of Russia who negotiated the treaty are in many ways different than those who now rule Russia. The question arises whether good- neighborly relations on an equal footing and mutual respect are possible, even when a regime change would occur in Russia. What are the preconditions for such a normalization, and what steps can Lithuania take to prepare the grounds for the moment when the opportunity arises.
Conference
The core of the conference program consisted of a one-and-a-half day conference at the Lithuanian President’s Office that brought together politicians and experts who put the July 29 Treaty in a wider socio-political context and in their presentations reflected on the main theme of the meeting. Lithuanian and Russian politicians were joined by two dozen former diplomats, political scientists and other experts from a dozen countries who discussed the inter-State relations in three sessions: past, present, and future. Each component was introduced by introductory speakers, followed by a number of shorter interventions, a panel discussion and interaction with the selected audience.
The main language of the conference is English with simultaneous translation into Lithuanian and Russian. The conference was live-streamed in three languages and recorded for later viewing.
Emilija Pundziūtė-Gallois obtained her PhD in political science and international relations at Sciences Po in Paris, and is currently a research fellow at Vytautas Magnus University in Kaunas, and an associated doctor at the Centre de Recherches Internationales (CERI) at...
Šarunas Liekis is a Professor and Dean of the Political Science and Diplomacy Faculty at Vytautas Magnus University. Prof. Liekis is also a President of Advisory Board of Vilnius Institute for Policy Analysis...
James Nixey joined Chatham House in 2000 and has been Director of the institute’s Russia and Eurasia Programme since 2013. He is also an Associate Fellow with the Geneva Centre for Security Policy and serves on the board of the journal Ukraine Analytica...
Grigory Amnuel – director, producer, politician, publicist
is the author of more than 30 documentaries, including "Awakening - A Chronicle of turning days" (he was awarded a medal "Defender of a Free Russia" by the President of the Russian Federation Boris Yeltsin for this film and for active participation in the events of August 1991 at the White House in Moscow)...
Nikolai Petrov is a senior research fellow at the Chatham House, Russia and Eurasia programme since 2019. Prior to this he served as professor at the political science department, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow (2013-2021)...
Paul Goble, a longtime specialist on ethnic and religious issues in Eurasia for the US government and US international broadcasting, currently blogs at Windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com. Prior to retiring from the US government in 2004, he worked in the intelligence community, the State Department and US international broadcasting...
Marius Janukonis is director of the Communication and Cultural Diplomacy Department at the Lithuanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs...
H.E. Ole T. Horpestad is Norway’s Ambassador to Lithuania since September 2020. He is also accredited as Ambassador to Belarus, with residence in Vilnius. Before moving to Vilnius, he served in Kyiv as Ambassador to Ukraine (2016 – 2020)...
Jeroen Bult is a Dutch historian, specialized in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania. Over the past years, he has published numerous articles on topics related to the three republics, especially on Baltic-Russian and inter-Baltic relations, their wider historical/historiographic framework, minority- related and energy-related issues, but also on Germany and the EU...
In 1990, Bičkauskas was voted in as a Member of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Lithuania – Reconstituent Seimas, held membership of its Presidium, became a Signatory to the Act of Independence, and was appointed representative of the Government of the Republic of Lithuania in Moscow...
Vladimir Jarmolenko –Ambassador, a signatory of the Declaration of the Restoration of Independence of Lithuania on 11 March 1990, Member of the State Negotiations delegations (1990 -92), Dr. (natural Science)...
Pilar Bonet (Ibiza, Spain, 1952) is a free analyst and journalist writing for EL PAIS. From 2001 to 2020, she was correspondent of EL PAIS in Russia, Ukraine and other post Soviet countries...
Konstantin Eggert MBE is an independent Russian journalist and political commentator. He is a columnist for Deutsche Welle. He also hosts ‘Trending’, DW’s Russian language interview programme. In 2016-2018 Konstantin Eggert worked for TV Rain, Russia’s groundbreaking independent TV channel...
Sergei MEDVEDEV is Professor at the Free University in Moscow. Born in Moscow, he studied at the Moscow University, Charles University in Prague, and Columbia University in New York City, and holds a Ph.D. in history. In the past 25 years, he has held research positions and professorships in Russia, Germany, Italy and Finland...
Dainius Žalimas was born on 22 May 1973 in Vilnius. In 1996, he graduated from the Faculty of Law of Vilnius University. Since 1996 he has been a lecturer at Vilnius University, in 2002–2005 he was a lecturer at the Law University of Lithuania (at present Mykolas Romeris University), and in 2001– 2003—at the Military Academy of Lithuania...
Rodric Braithwaite was born in London in 1932, when his father Warwick was a conductor at Sadler’s Wells Opera. Educated at Bedales School, he served as a sergeant in military intelligence in Vienna, and studied French and Russian at Cambridge. He joined the Diplomatic Service in 1955 and had postings in Jakarta, Warsaw, Moscow, Rome, Brussels (EU) and Washington...
Ian Bond joined the Centre for European Reform as director of foreign policy in April 2013. Prior to that, he was a member of the British diplomatic service for 28 years...
Viacheslav (Slava) Bakhmin is an expert in philanthropy and civil society development in Russia, since 2004 he is a consultant for C.S.Mott Foundation. In 1977-1980 he helped to create and coordinate activities of Working Commission on the investigation of the use of psychiatry for political purposes in the USSR...
Michael Cotey Morgan is associate professor of history at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and author of The Final Act: The Helsinki Accords and the Transformation of the Cold War (Princeton, 2018). He holds degrees from the University of Toronto, Cambridge, and Yale...
Andrew Wood was a British diplomat between 1961 and 2000, posted to Moscow 1964-66, 1979-82, and from 1995 to 2000 as Ambassador. He also served in Washington 1967-70 and 1989-92, and in Belgrade 1975-79 and from 1985 to 1989 as Ambassador...
Arkady Ostrovsky is Russia and Eastern Europe editor for The Economist. Prior to this role, he was the Moscow Bureau Chief for The Economist reporting on the annexation of Crimea and the war in Ukraine among many other subjects...
Edward Lucas is an expert in energy, intelligence and cyber-security issues. He covered Central and Eastern Europe for more than 20 years, witnessing the final years of the last Cold War, the fall of the Iron Curtain and the collapse of the Soviet empire, Boris Yeltsin’s downfall and Vladimir Putin’s rise to power...
Janet Gunn is an independent international affairs analyst.
From 2012-2020 she worked on Foreign Office archives on the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe from the 1980s-1990s. From 2014 she worked as an expert in OSCE and EU capacity-building projects in Ukraine and Moldova...
Thomas E. Graham is a distinguished fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations. He is also currently a senior advisor at Kissinger Associates, Inc., where he focuses on Russian and Eurasian affairs...
Dominique Moïsi (born 21 October 1946) is a French political scientist and writer. He was a co-founder and is a senior advisor of the Paris-based Institut Français des Relations Internationales (IFRI), Pierre Keller Visiting Professor at Harvard University, and the chairholder for Geopolitics at the College of Europe, the oldest educational institution in European affairs, in Natolin...
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